Eusebius Book 4, Section 11

4.11.1

XI. “Οὐαλεντῖνος μὲν γὰρ ἦλθεν εἰς Ῥώμην ἐπὶ Ὑγίνου, ἤκμασεν δὲ ἐπὶ Πίου, καὶ παρέμεινεν ἕως Ἀνικήτου· Κερδῶν δ’ ὁ πρὸ Μαρκίωνος καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπὶ Ὑγίνου, ὃς ἢν ἔνατος ἐπίσκοπος, εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν ἐλθὼν καὶ ἐξομολογούμενος, οὕτως διετέλεσεν, ποτὲ μὲν λαθροδιδασκαλῶν, ποτὲ δὲ πάλιν ἐξομολογούμενος, ποτὲ δὲ ἐλεγχόμενος ἐφ’ οἷς ἐδίδασκεν κακῶς, καὶ ἀφιστάμενος τῆς τῶν ἀδελφῶν συνοδίας.” ταῦτα δέ φησιν ἐν τρίτῳ τῶν πρὸς τὰς αἱρέσεις· ἔν γε μὴν τῷ πρώτῳ αὖθις περὶ τοῦ Κέρδωνος ταῦτα διέξεισιν· “Κερδῶν δέ τις ἀπὸ τῶν περὶ τὸν Σίμωνα τὰς ἀφορμὰς λαβὼν καὶ ἐπιδημήσας ἐν τῆ Ῥώμῃ ἐπὶ Ὑγίνου ἔνατον κλῆρον τῆς ἐπισκοπικῆς διαδοχῆς ἀπὸ τῶν ἀποστόλων ἐδίδαξεν τὸν ὑπὸ τοῦ νόμου καὶ προφητῶν κεκηρυγμένον θεὸν μὴ εἶναι πατέρα τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ. τὸν μὲν γὰρ γνωρίζεσθαι, τὸν δὲ ἀγνῶτα εἶναι, καὶ τὸν μὲν δίκαιον, τὸν δὲ ἀγαθὸν ὑπάρχειν. διαδεξάμενος δὲ αὐτὸν Μαρκίων ὁ Ποντικὸς ηὔξησεν τὸ διδασκαλεῖον ἀπηρυθριασμένως βλασφημῶν.”

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XI. “Valentinus came to Rome in the time of Hyginus, but he flourished under Pius, and remained until Anicetus. And Cerdo, who preceded Marcion, in the days of Hyginus, the ninth bishop, had come to the church and confessed, and thus continued, sometimes teaching heresy, sometimes confessing again, and sometimes convicted of the evil things which he taught and separated from the assembly of the brethren.” This he says in the third book against the heresies. Moreover, in the first book he makes the following statement about Cerdo: “A certain Cerdo had come originally from the circle of Simon and settled in Rome in the time of Hyginus, who held the ninth place in the apostolic succession from the apostles. He taught that the God preached by the Law and the Prophets was not the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, for the one was known, the other unknown, the one was righteous and the other good. Marcion of Pontus succeeded him and increased the school, blaspheming unblushingly.”

4.11.2

῾Ο δ᾿ αὐτὸς Εἰρήναιος τὸν ἄπειρον βυθὸν τῆς Οὐαλεντίνου πολυπλανοῦς ὕλης εὐτονώτατα διαπλώσας, ἑρπετοῦ δίκην φωλεύοντος ἀπόκρυφον οὖσαν αὐτοῦ καὶ λεληθυῖαν ἀπογυμνοῖ τὴν κακίαν· πρὸς τούτοις καὶ ἄλλον τινά, Μάρκος αὐτῷ ὄνομα, κατ᾿ αὐτοὺς γενέσθαι λέγει μαγικῆς κυβείας ἐμπειρότατον, γράφει δὲ καὶ τὰς ἀτελέστους αὐτῶν τελετὰς μυσεράς τε μυσταγωγίας ἐκφαίνων αὐτοῖς δὴ τούτοις τοῖς γράμμασιν· “οἳ μὲν γὰρ ἀυτῶν νυμφῶνα κατασκευάζουσιν καὶ μυσταγωγίαν ἐπιτελοῦσιν μετ᾿ ἐπιρρήσεών τινων τοῖς τελουμένοις καὶ πνευματικὸν γάμον φάσκουσιν εἶναι τὸ ὐπ᾿ ἀυτῶν γινόμενον κατὰ τὴν ὁμοιότητα τῶν ἄνω συζυγιῶν, οἳ δὲ ἄγουσιν ἐφ᾿ ὕδωρ καὶ βαπτίζοντες οὕτως ἐπιλέγουσιν· ῾ εἰς ὄνομα ἀγνώστου τῶν ὅλων, εἰς ἀλήθειαν μητέρα τῶν πάντων, εἰς τὸν κατελθόντα εἰς τὸν ᾿Ιησοῦν.᾿ ἄλλοι δὲ ῾Εβραϊκὰ ὀνόματα ἐπιλέγουσιν πρὸς τὸ μᾶλλον καταπλήξασθαι τοὺς τελουμένους.”

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The same Irenaeus powerfully exposed the bottomless pit of the system of Valentinus with its many errors, and laid bare his secret and latent wickedness while he was lurking like a reptile. Furthermore, he says that there was among them another named Marcus, most experienced in the magic arts, and he writes of his initiations, which could not initiate, and of his foul mysteries, expounding them in these words: “Some of them construct a bride-chamber, and celebrate a mystery with certain invocations over those being initiated, and say that what they do is a spiritual marriage, according to the likeness of the unions above; others bring them to water and baptize them with this invocation, ‘To the name of the unknown Father of the universe, to Truth, the mother of all things, to him who descended into Jesus’; and others invoke Hebrew words in order more fully to amaze those being initiated.”

4.11.3

Ἀλλὰ γὰρ μετὰ τέταρτον τῆς ἐπισκοπῆς ἔτος ῾Υγίνου τελευτήσαντος , Πὶος ἐπὶ ῾Ρώμης ἐγχειρίζεται τὴν λειτουργίαν· κατά γε μὴν τὴν Ἀλεξάνδρειαν Μάρκος ἀναδείκνυται ποιμὴν Εὐμένους ἔτη τὰ πάντα δέκα πρὸς τρισὶν ἐκπλήσαντος, τοῦ τε Μάρκου ἐπὶ δέκα ἔτη τῆς λειτουργίας ἀναπαυσαμένου, Κελαδίων τῆς Ἀλεξανδρέων ἐκκλησίας τὴν λειτουργίαν παραλαμβάνει. καὶ κατὰ τὴν ῾Ρωμαίων δὲ πόλιν πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ τῆς ἐπισκοπῆς ἐνιαυτῷ Πίου μεταλλάξαντος, Ἀνίκητος τῶν ἐκεῖσε προΐσταται· καθ᾿ ὃν ῾Ηγήσιππος ἱστορεῖ ἑαυτὸν ἐπιδημῆσαι τῆ Ῥώμῃ παραμεῖναί τε αὐτόθι μέχρι τῆς ἐπισκοπῆς Ἐλευθέρου. μάλιστα δ’ ἤκμαζεν ἐπὶ τῶνδε Ἰουστῖνος, ἐν φιλοσόφου σχήματι τὸν θεῖον λόγον καὶ τοῖς ὑπὲρ τῆς πίστεως ἐν ἐναγωνιζόμενος συγγράμμασιν· ὃς δὴ καὶ γραφὰς κατὰ Μαρκίωνος σύγγραμμα, μνημονεύει ὡς καθ’ ὃν συνέταττε καιρὸν γνωριζομένου τῷ βίῳ τἀνδρός, φησὶν δὲ οὕτως· “Μαρκίωνα δέ τινα Ποντικόν, ὃς καὶ νῦν ἔτι ἐστὶν διδάσκων τοὺς πειθομένους ἄλλον τινὰ νομίξειν μείζονα τοῦ δημιουργοῦ θεόν· ὃς καὶ κατὰ πᾶν γένος ἀνθρώπων διὰ τῆς τῶν δαιμόνων συλλήψεως πολλοὺς πεποίηκε βλάσφημα λέγειν καὶ ἀρνεῖσθαι τὸν ποιητὴν τοῦδε τοῦ παντὸς πατέρα εἶναι τοῦ χριστοῦ, ἄλλον δέ τινα ὡς ὄντα μείζονα παρὰ τοῦτον ὁμολογεῖν πεποιηκέναι]. καὶ πάντες οἱ ἀπὸ τούτων ὡρμημένοι, ὡς ἔφαμεν, Χριστιανοὶ καλοῦνται, ὃν τρόπον καὶ οὐ κοινῶν ὄντων δογμάτων τοῖς φιλοσόφοις τὸ ἐπικαλούμενον ὄνομα τῆς φιλοσοφίας κοινόν ἐστιν·” τούτοις ἐπιφέρει λέγων “ἔστιν δὲ ἡμῖν καὶ σύνταγμα κατὰ πασῶν τῶν γεγενημένων αἱρέσεων, ᾧ εἰ βούλεσθε ἐντυχεῖν, δώσομεν.”

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After the fourth year of his episcopate Hyginus died, and Pius undertook the ministry of Rome. In Alexandria Marcus was appointed after Eumenes had completed thirteen years, and when Marcus rested from the ministry after ten years, Celadion received the ministry of the church of Alexandria. In the city of the Romans Pius passed away in the fifteenth year of his ministry, and Anicetus presided over those there. In his time Hegesippus states that he stayed in Rome and remained there until the episcopate of Eleutherus. At this time Justin was at the height of his fame; in the garb of a philosopher he championed the word of God and contended in his writings for the faith. He wrote a treatise against Marcion and mentions that, at the time he was writing, the heretic was alive and notorious. He speaks thus: “And there was a certain Marcion of Pontus who even now is still teaching those who believe him to think that there is another God greater than the Creator. Throughout the whole race of men, by the instigation of demons, he has made many to speak blasphemously and to deny that the Maker of this universe is the Father of Christ, and to confess that there is another greater than He. All those who proceed from them, as we said, are called Christians, just as the name of philosophy is common to philosophers though their doctrines are not common.” He goes on to say, “And we have a treatise against all the heresies which have arisen, which we will give to any who wish to study it.”

4.11.4

Ὁ δ’ αὐτὸς οὗτος Ἰουστῖνος καὶ πρὸς Ἕλληνας ἱκανώτατα πονήσας, καὶ ἑτέρους λόγους ὑπὲρ τῆς ἡμετέρας πίστεως ἀπολογίαν ἔχοντας βασιλεῖ Αντωνίνῶ τῷ δὴ ἐπικληθέντι Εὐσεβεῖ καὶ τῇ Ῥωμαίων συγκλήτῳ βουλῆ προσφωνεῖ· καὶ γὰρ ἐπὶ τῆς Ῥώμης τὰς διατριβὰς ἐποιεῖτο. ἐμφαίνει δ’ ἑαυτὸν ὅστις καὶ πόθεν ἢν, διὰ τῆς ἀπολογίας ἐν τούτοις·

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The same Justin laboured powerfully against the Gentiles, and addressed other arguments, affording a defence for our faith, to the Emperor Antoninus, called Pius, and to the senate of the Romans; for he was living in Rome. In his Apology he explains his position and origin as follows: